AP Statistics Probability flashcard

Front

What is the definition of probability?

Back

Probability is a measure of the likelihood that an event will occur, expressed as a number between 0 and 1.

Front

What is a sample space in probability?

Back

A sample space is the set of all possible outcomes of a probability experiment.

Front

What is the formula for calculating the probability of independent events A and B occurring?

Back

P(A and B) = P(A) * P(B) if A and B are independent.

Front

What does it mean for two events to be independent?

Back

Two events are independent if the occurrence of one does not affect the probability of the other.

Front

What is the probability of an event that is certain to happen?

Back

The probability of an event that is certain to happen is 1.

Front

What is the probability of an event that is impossible?

Back

The probability of an event that is impossible is 0.

Front

If P(A) = 0.6 and P(B) = 0.5, what is P(A or B) if A and B are mutually exclusive?

Back

P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) = 0.6 + 0.5 = 1.1 (not possible, must be less than or equal to 1).

Front

What is conditional probability?

Back

Conditional probability is the probability of an event occurring given that another event has already occurred, denoted as P(A|B).

Front

How do you calculate conditional probability?

Back

P(A|B) = P(A and B) / P(B) if P(B) > 0.

Front

What is the complement of an event?

Back

The complement of an event A is the event that A does not occur, denoted as A'. The probability of the complement is P(A') = 1 - P(A).