DNA Transcription and Translation

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in translation?

Back

Ribosomes synthesize proteins during translation.

Front

What is the process by which DNA is copied into RNA called?

Back

Transcription.

Front

What is the structure that carries amino acids during translation?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) carries amino acids to the ribosome.

Front

What is the primary function of DNA in cells?

Back

Store and transmit genetic information.

Front

What is the structure of DNA known as?

Back

Double helix.

Front

What is mRNA and its role in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the difference between transcription and translation?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying DNA into RNA, while translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA.

Front

What are codons and their significance in translation?

Back

Codons are sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that specify a particular amino acid during protein synthesis.

Front

What is the function of RNA polymerase in transcription?

Back

RNA polymerase is the enzyme that synthesizes RNA from the DNA template during transcription.

Front

What are the three main types of RNA involved in protein synthesis?

Back

The three main types of RNA are mRNA (messenger RNA), tRNA (transfer RNA), and rRNA (ribosomal RNA).