9.2 - Conservation of Momentum

Front

What is the principle of conservation of momentum?

Back

The principle of conservation of momentum states that in a closed system with no external forces, the total momentum before a collision is equal to the total momentum after the collision.

Front

Define an isolated system in physics.

Back

An isolated system is one that does not exchange matter or energy with its surroundings, meaning no external forces act on it.

Front

What is the formula for calculating momentum?

Back

Momentum (p) is calculated using the formula: p = mv, where m is mass and v is velocity.

Front

How do you calculate the final velocity of two colliding objects that stick together?

Back

Front

What happens to momentum in a collision?

Back

Momentum is conserved in a collision, meaning the total momentum before the collision equals the total momentum after the collision.

Front

If a 0.15 kg cue ball moving at 10 m/s strikes an 8 ball at rest, what is the 8 ball's velocity after the collision if the cue ball moves at 2 m/s?

Back

The 8 ball's velocity is 8.0 m/s.

Front

What is the significance of a negative velocity in physics?

Back

A negative velocity indicates that an object is moving in the opposite direction to the defined positive direction.

Front

In a collision, if two objects have equal mass and one is at rest, what can be said about their velocities after the collision?

Back

The moving object will transfer its velocity to the stationary object, and they will exchange velocities.

Front

What is the relationship between mass and velocity in momentum?

Back

Momentum is directly proportional to both mass and velocity; increasing either will increase momentum.

Front

How do you determine the final speed of two carts that collide and stick together?

Back

Calculate the total momentum before the collision and set it equal to the total momentum after the collision to find the final speed.