Biology CB7 Flashcard Ribosomes and Mitochondria

Front

What are ribozymes?

Back

Ribozymes are RNA molecules that catalyze chemical reactions, such as translation.

Front

Which organelle is known as the 'power plant' of the cell?

Back

Mitochondria are known as the 'power plants' of the cell because they are the sites of cellular respiration.

Front

What is the primary function of ribosomes?

Back

Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis.

Front

What is ATP?

Back

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) is the cell's energy source used for processes such as movement and cell division.

Front

Where do ribosomes on the rough ER usually send proteins?

Back

Ribosomes on the rough ER usually produce proteins that are destined for secretion or for use in the cell membrane, not for the cytoplasm.

Front

What process occurs in mitochondria?

Back

Cellular respiration occurs in mitochondria.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in translation?

Back

Ribosomes facilitate the translation of mRNA into proteins.

Front

What is the difference between rough ER and smooth ER?

Back

Rough ER has ribosomes on its surface and is involved in protein synthesis, while smooth ER lacks ribosomes and is involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification.

Front

What is the significance of cellular respiration?

Back

Cellular respiration is significant because it converts biochemical energy from nutrients into ATP, which powers cellular activities.

Front

What are the two main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA)?

Back

The two main types of RNA are messenger RNA (mRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA).