Hydrosphere Unit Test

Front

What is the hydrosphere?

Back

The hydrosphere is the combined mass of water found on, under, and above the surface of a planet, including oceans, rivers, lakes, and water vapor in the atmosphere.

Front

What is salinity?

Back

Salinity is the measure of the concentration of dissolved salts in water, typically expressed in parts per thousand (ppt).

Front

How does increased salinity affect estuarine ecosystems?

Back

Increased salinity in estuaries typically leads to an increase in salt-tolerant organisms and a decrease in salt-intolerant organisms.

Front

Where is salinity lowest in the ocean?

Back

Salinity is lowest in areas near melting glaciers due to the influx of freshwater.

Front

What causes ocean currents?

Back

Ocean currents are caused by differences in water temperature, wind patterns, and the Earth's rotation.

Front

What are hydrothermal vents?

Back

Hydrothermal vents are openings in the ocean floor that emit hot, mineral-rich water, providing energy for unique ecosystems.

Front

How do organisms at the ocean floor obtain energy?

Back

Organisms at the ocean floor obtain energy primarily from hydrothermal vents through chemical reactions, rather than photosynthesis.

Front

What are upwellings?

Back

Upwellings are ocean currents that bring nutrient-rich water from the deep ocean to the surface, enhancing marine productivity.

Front

Why are upwellings important for fishing?

Back

Upwellings improve fishing by bringing nutrients to the surface, which supports the growth of phytoplankton, the base of the marine food web.

Front

What is the role of phytoplankton in the ocean?

Back

Phytoplankton are microscopic plants that perform photosynthesis, producing oxygen and serving as a primary food source for many marine organisms.