Biology Interim Review

Front

What are monosaccharides?

Back

Monosaccharides are the simplest form of carbohydrates and are the monomers that make up more complex carbohydrates.

Front

What is the process called when particles move from high concentration to low concentration without energy?

Back

Passive transport is the process characterized by the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration across the plasma membrane without the use of energy.

Front

What is an isotonic solution?

Back

An isotonic solution is one in which the concentration of solutes is the same inside and outside of the cell, resulting in no net movement of water.

Front

What type of respiration does fermentation involve?

Back

Fermentation involves anaerobic respiration, which occurs in the absence of oxygen.

Front

In which organisms does cellular respiration occur?

Back

Cellular respiration occurs in the cells of both plants and animals.

Front

What are carbohydrates?

Back

Carbohydrates are organic compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, and they serve as a primary energy source for living organisms.

Front

What is the difference between active transport and passive transport?

Back

Active transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient, while passive transport does not require energy and moves substances along their concentration gradient.

Front

What is a hypertonic solution?

Back

A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solutes compared to the inside of the cell, causing water to move out of the cell.

Front

What is a hypotonic solution?

Back

A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes compared to the inside of the cell, causing water to move into the cell.

Front

What is the role of enzymes in biological processes?

Back

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in cells by lowering the activation energy required.