Genotypes and Phenotypes in Genetics

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What is a genotype?

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The genetic makeup of an organism, represented by the alleles it possesses.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

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What is a phenotype?

Back

The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype.

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What does homozygous mean?

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Having two identical alleles for a particular gene (e.g., AA or aa).

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What does heterozygous mean?

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Having two different alleles for a particular gene (e.g., Aa).

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What is a dominant allele?

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An allele that expresses its trait even in the presence of a recessive allele.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

Front

What is a recessive allele?

Back

An allele that only expresses its trait when two copies are present (homozygous recessive).

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What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

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Genotype refers to the genetic constitution, while phenotype refers to the physical expression of that genotype.

Front

What does it mean if an organism is homozygous recessive?

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It has two recessive alleles for a trait (e.g., aa).

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-3

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What is an example of a homozygous dominant genotype?

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AA, where both alleles are dominant.

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What is an example of a heterozygous genotype?

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Bb, where one allele is dominant and the other is recessive.