APES Unit 4

Front

What is the Coriolis Effect?

Back

The Coriolis Effect is the apparent deflection of moving objects (like air and water) caused by the rotation of the Earth, resulting in clockwise movement in the northern hemisphere and counterclockwise in the southern hemisphere.

Front

What are convection cells?

Back

Convection cells are large-scale patterns of circulation in the atmosphere or oceans, driven by temperature differences. The three main types are Hadley, Ferrell, and Polar cells.

Front

What is the order of convection cells starting from the equator?

Back

Hadley, Ferrell, Polar.

Front

What conditions lead to upwelling?

Back

Upwelling occurs when wind pushes surface water away from the shore, allowing nutrient-rich cold water to rise from the depths.

Front

What is the significance of the stratosphere?

Back

The stratosphere is the second layer of the atmosphere, located above the troposphere, and contains the ozone layer, which protects the Earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation.

Front

What is upwelling?

Back

Upwelling is the process where wind near a shore pushes surface water away, allowing nutrient-rich cold water to rise from the depths.

Front

What is the role of the ozone layer?

Back

The ozone layer absorbs the majority of the sun's harmful ultraviolet radiation, protecting living organisms on Earth.

Front

How does the Coriolis Effect influence ocean currents?

Back

The Coriolis Effect causes ocean currents to curve, leading to clockwise rotation in the northern hemisphere and counterclockwise in the southern hemisphere.

Front

What are the characteristics of Hadley cells?

Back

Hadley cells are tropical convection cells that extend from the equator to about 30 degrees latitude, characterized by rising warm air at the equator and descending cooler air at 30 degrees.

Front

What happens during El Niño?

Back

During El Niño, the normal patterns of oceanic and atmospheric circulation are disrupted, leading to warmer ocean temperatures in the central and eastern Pacific, affecting global weather patterns.