8th Grade ELA Final Review Semester One

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Denotation

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The literal, dictionary definition of a word.

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Connotation

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The emotional and/or figurative meaning of a word.

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Etymology

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The study of the origin of words and how their meanings have changed throughout history.

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Synonym

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A word that has the same or nearly the same meaning as another word.

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Active Voice

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A sentence structure where the subject performs the action of the verb (e.g., 'The cat chased the mouse.').

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Passive Voice

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A sentence structure where the subject receives the action of the verb (e.g., 'The mouse was chased by the cat.').

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Participle

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A verb form that can function as an adjective, often ending in -ing or -ed (e.g., 'The running water was cold.').

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Gerund

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A verb form that ends in -ing and functions as a noun (e.g., 'Swimming is fun.').

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Infinitive

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The base form of a verb, often preceded by 'to' (e.g., 'to run').

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Context Clues

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Hints or information within a text that help readers understand the meaning of unfamiliar words.