Biology 1 Midterm Review

Front

What are the four main types of macromolecules found in organisms?

Back

Carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins.

Front

Which macromolecule does the body digest first for energy?

Back

Carbohydrates.

Front

What is the primary function of ATP in biological systems?

Back

Stores energy.

Front

What occurs by the end of prophase in cell division?

Back

The nuclear membrane has broken down, centrioles and spindle fibers have appeared, and DNA has become more tightly coiled into rod-shaped structures.

Front

Which glassware measurement is the most accurate?

Back

Graduated cylinder - 80.6 mL.

Front

Define carbohydrates.

Back

Organic compounds made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, typically in a 1:2:1 ratio, serving as a primary energy source.

Front

What are lipids and their primary function?

Back

Lipids are fats and oils that store energy and make up cell membranes.

Front

What are nucleic acids and their role in cells?

Back

Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, store and transmit genetic information.

Front

What is the significance of proteins in biological systems?

Back

Proteins are essential for structure, function, and regulation of the body's tissues and organs.

Front

Explain the process of cellular respiration.

Back

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water.