DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis Quick Review

Front

What is a gene?

Back

A segment of DNA that codes for a specific protein.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

Front

Where does transcription occur in the cell?

Back

In the nucleus.

Front

When does DNA replication occur?

Back

During the S phase of interphase, before cell division.

Front

What is the process of translating mRNA into an amino acid sequence called?

Back

Translation.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What are the building blocks of proteins?

Back

Amino acids.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the sites where translation occurs, synthesizing proteins from amino acids.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA is single-stranded and contains ribose sugar.

Front

What is transcription?

Back

The process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

Front

What is the significance of the start codon AUG?

Back

AUG is the start codon that signals the beginning of translation and codes for the amino acid Methionine.