Biogeochemical Cycles

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What is a biogeochemical cycle?

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A biogeochemical cycle is the movement of elements and compounds through living organisms and the physical environment, involving biological, geological, and chemical processes.

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What are the main components of the nitrogen cycle?

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The main components of the nitrogen cycle include nitrogen fixation, nitrification, assimilation, ammonification, and denitrification.

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What is nitrogen fixation?

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Nitrogen fixation is the process by which atmospheric nitrogen (N2) is converted into ammonia (NH3) by bacteria, making it available for use by plants.

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What role do bacteria play in the nitrogen cycle?

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Bacteria are essential for nitrogen fixation, nitrification, and denitrification, helping to convert nitrogen into forms usable by plants and returning it to the atmosphere.

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What is eutrophication?

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Eutrophication is the process by which water bodies become enriched with nutrients, leading to excessive growth of algae and depletion of oxygen.

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How does urbanization affect the water cycle?

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Urbanization reduces the amount of permeable surfaces, leading to increased runoff and decreased water absorption, which can cause flooding.

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What is acid rain?

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Acid rain is precipitation that contains high levels of sulfuric and nitric acids, primarily caused by emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides.

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What is cellular respiration?

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Cellular respiration is the process by which organisms convert glucose and oxygen into energy, releasing carbon dioxide and water as byproducts.

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What is the role of producers in the carbon cycle?

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Producers, such as plants, absorb carbon dioxide during photosynthesis and convert it into organic matter, playing a crucial role in the carbon cycle.

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What is the significance of the phosphorus cycle?

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The phosphorus cycle is important for the growth of plants and animals, as phosphorus is a key component of DNA, RNA, and ATP.