Cell Biology Concepts and Processes

Front

What is the role of DNA Polymerase in DNA replication?

Back

DNA Polymerase is the enzyme responsible for adding nucleotides to the growing DNA strand during replication, effectively 'building' the new DNA molecule.

Front

How many chromosomes do humans have?

Back

Humans have 46 chromosomes.

Front

What DNA sequence pairs with the template strand ATG TGA CAG?

Back

The complementary DNA sequence is TAC ACT GTC.

Front

What is the result of DNA replication?

Back

DNA replication results in two DNA molecules, each containing one original strand and one newly synthesized strand.

Front

What is a template strand in DNA replication?

Back

A template strand is the strand of DNA that is used as a guide for synthesizing a new complementary strand.

Front

What is the function of Primase in DNA replication?

Back

Primase synthesizes a short RNA primer that provides a starting point for DNA Polymerase to begin DNA synthesis.

Front

What is the difference between leading and lagging strands during DNA replication?

Back

The leading strand is synthesized continuously in the direction of the replication fork, while the lagging strand is synthesized in short segments (Okazaki fragments) away from the fork.

Front

What is the significance of the 5' to 3' direction in DNA synthesis?

Back

DNA synthesis occurs in the 5' to 3' direction, meaning nucleotides are added to the 3' end of the growing strand.

Front

What is the role of Ligase in DNA replication?

Back

Ligase is the enzyme that joins Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand by forming phosphodiester bonds between them.

Front

What are Okazaki fragments?

Back

Okazaki fragments are short sequences of DNA synthesized on the lagging strand during DNA replication.