Physics Review FLASHCARD

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What is a pendulum?

Back

A pendulum is a weight suspended from a pivot that swings back and forth due to the force of gravity, converting potential energy to kinetic energy.

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What is kinetic energy?

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Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion, calculated as KE = 1/2 mv², where m is mass and v is velocity.

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How does adding mass to a sled affect its motion?

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Adding mass to a sled increases its weight, which can increase its momentum and help it move faster down a slope.

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What does it mean that energy cannot be created or destroyed?

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It means that energy can only be transformed from one form to another or transferred from one object to another, but the total amount of energy remains constant.

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What happens to energy when a ball is dropped?

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When a ball is dropped, gravitational potential energy is converted to kinetic energy as it falls, and it transfers energy to the ground upon impact.

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What is potential energy?

Back

Potential energy is the stored energy in an object due to its position or state, such as a ball held at a height.

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What is the relationship between mass and kinetic energy?

Back

Kinetic energy increases with mass; doubling the mass of an object will double its kinetic energy if the velocity remains constant.

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What is the principle of conservation of energy?

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The principle of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed or transferred.

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What is the effect of friction on a moving object?

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Friction opposes the motion of a moving object, causing it to slow down and eventually stop.

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What is buoyancy?

Back

Buoyancy is the upward force exerted by a fluid that opposes the weight of an object immersed in it, allowing it to float.