Periodic Table and Trends Flashcard Review (Pre-AP Chem)

Front

According to the octet rule, every atom wants to have _ valence electrons.

Back

8

Front

Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties because they have the same number of...

Back

valence electrons

Front

The periodic table is arranged so that elements in the same column have...

Back

similar properties

Front

What is the octet rule?

Back

The octet rule states that atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons in order to have eight valence electrons, achieving a stable electron configuration.

Front

What are valence electrons?

Back

Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that are involved in chemical bonding.

Front

What is a group in the periodic table?

Back

A group is a vertical column in the periodic table that contains elements with similar chemical properties due to having the same number of valence electrons.

Front

What is a period in the periodic table?

Back

A period is a horizontal row in the periodic table that indicates the number of electron shells an atom has.

Front

What trend is observed in atomic radius across a period?

Back

Atomic radius decreases from left to right across a period due to increasing nuclear charge, which pulls electrons closer to the nucleus.

Front

What trend is observed in atomic radius down a group?

Back

Atomic radius increases down a group because additional electron shells are added, increasing the distance between the nucleus and the outermost electrons.

Front

What is electronegativity?

Back

Electronegativity is the tendency of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond.