Dot Plots & Box Plots

A dot plot is a statistical chart that consists of dots representing the frequency of data points. Each dot represents one occurrence of a value.

To find the median, arrange the data in numerical order and identify the middle value. If there is an even number of values, the median is the average of the two middle values.

A box plot, or box-and-whisker plot, is a graphical representation of a data set that shows the median, quartiles, and potential outliers.

The range is the difference between the highest and lowest values in a data set, indicating the spread of the data.

The interquartile range (IQR) is calculated by subtracting the first quartile (Q1) from the third quartile (Q3). IQR = Q3 - Q1.

The first quartile (Q1) is the median of the lower half of a data set, representing the 25th percentile.

The third quartile (Q3) is the median of the upper half of a data set, representing the 75th percentile.

Outliers are typically identified as values that fall below Q1 - 1.5*IQR or above Q3 + 1.5*IQR.

Dot plots are used to visualize the distribution of small data sets and to identify patterns, clusters, or gaps in the data.

The mode is the value that appears most frequently in a data set. A data set may have one mode, more than one mode, or no mode at all.