Basic Chemistry for Anatomy

Front

Protein molecules are composed of long chains of __________.

Back

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, linking together to form long chains that fold into functional proteins.

Front

What are catalysts?

Back

Catalysts are substances that speed up chemical reactions without being consumed in the process.

Front

What are the main functions of nucleic acids?

Back

Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, carry genetic material and create structures inside the cell.

Front

A solution with a pH of 7 is __________.

Back

Neutral; it is neither acidic nor basic.

Front

What is the pH range of a base?

Back

7.1-14; bases have a pH greater than 7.

Front

What are macromolecules?

Back

Macromolecules are large, complex molecules essential for life, including proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids.

Front

What is the role of enzymes in chemical reactions?

Back

Enzymes act as biological catalysts, speeding up reactions by lowering the activation energy required.

Front

Define acids in terms of pH.

Back

Acids are substances that have a pH less than 7 and can donate protons (H+) in a solution.

Front

What is the structure of DNA?

Back

DNA is a double helix composed of nucleotides, which include a sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes?

Back

Ribosomes are cellular structures that synthesize proteins by translating messenger RNA (mRNA).