Nucleic Acids: DNA & RNA (AP Biology)
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•
Biology
•
12th Grade
•
Hard
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15 questions
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1.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What are the three types of RNA and their functions?
Back
mRNA (messenger RNA) carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis; tRNA (transfer RNA) brings amino acids to the ribosome during translation; rRNA (ribosomal RNA) is a component of ribosomes and helps facilitate protein synthesis.
2.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Explain the process of transcription in protein synthesis.
Back
Transcription is the process where RNA polymerase binds to DNA and synthesizes a complementary RNA strand based on the DNA template.
3.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
How does the genetic code determine the sequence of amino acids in a protein?
Back
The genetic code determines the sequence of amino acids in a protein through the processes of transcription (where mRNA is created from DNA) and translation (where ribosomes read the mRNA to assemble amino acids into a protein).
4.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the genetic code and how is it read?
Back
The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded in genetic material (DNA or RNA sequences) is translated into proteins. It is read by the ribosome during the process of translation.
5.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What are the building blocks of DNA?
Back
The building blocks of DNA are nucleotides, which consist of a phosphate group, a sugar (deoxyribose), and a nitrogenous base (adenine, thymine, cytosine, or guanine).
6.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?
Back
mRNA serves as the template that carries the genetic information from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm, where proteins are synthesized.
7.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the function of tRNA in translation?
Back
tRNA's function in translation is to transport specific amino acids to the ribosome, where it matches its anticodon with the corresponding codon on the mRNA.
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