DNA replication

Front

What is DNA replication?

Back

DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA, ensuring that each new cell receives a complete set of genetic information.

Front

Which enzyme is responsible for adding free nucleotides to the replicating DNA?

Back

DNA polymerase is the enzyme that adds free nucleotides to the growing DNA strand during replication.

Front

What is the role of DNA helicase in DNA replication?

Back

DNA helicase is the enzyme that unwinds and separates the two strands of the DNA double helix, allowing replication to occur.

Front

What does 'semi-conservative' mean in the context of DNA replication?

Back

Semi-conservative means that each new DNA molecule consists of one original (parent) strand and one newly synthesized strand.

Front

Match the nucleotide with its complementary nucleotide: Adenine - ?

Back

Thymine is the complementary nucleotide to Adenine in DNA.

Front

What is the function of DNA ligase during DNA replication?

Back

DNA ligase is responsible for joining Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand, sealing nicks in the sugar-phosphate backbone.

Front

What are the three main steps of DNA replication?

Back

The three main steps are: 1) Initiation (unwinding the DNA), 2) Elongation (adding nucleotides), and 3) Termination (completing the new strands).

Front

What is the difference between DNA replication and transcription?

Back

DNA replication copies the entire DNA molecule, while transcription synthesizes RNA from a specific segment of DNA.

Front

What is the role of RNA primers in DNA replication?

Back

RNA primers provide a starting point for DNA polymerase to begin adding nucleotides during replication.

Front

What are Okazaki fragments?

Back

Okazaki fragments are short sequences of DNA synthesized on the lagging strand during DNA replication.