Acids and Bases

Front

What is the pH scale?

Back

The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a solution is, ranging from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very basic), with 7 being neutral.

Front

What is an acid?

Back

An acid is a substance that donates protons (H+) in a solution and has a pH less than 7.

Front

What is a base?

Back

A base is a substance that accepts protons (H+) or donates hydroxide ions (OH-) in a solution and has a pH greater than 7.

Front

What is the pH of pure water?

Back

The pH of pure water is 7, which is considered neutral.

Front

What is the significance of a pH value of 7?

Back

A pH value of 7 indicates a neutral solution, meaning it is neither acidic nor basic.

Front

What happens to the pH when an acid is added to water?

Back

When an acid is added to water, the pH decreases, indicating an increase in acidity.

Front

What happens to the pH when a base is added to water?

Back

When a base is added to water, the pH increases, indicating an increase in basicity.

Front

What is the role of indicators in acid-base chemistry?

Back

Indicators are substances that change color in response to changes in pH, helping to determine whether a solution is acidic or basic.

Front

What is the formula for calculating pH?

Back

pH = -log[H+], where [H+] is the concentration of hydrogen ions in moles per liter.

Front

What is a strong acid?

Back

A strong acid is an acid that completely dissociates in water, releasing all of its hydrogen ions.