Front

What is the Calvin Cycle?

Back

The Calvin Cycle is a series of biochemical reactions that take place in the stroma of chloroplasts in photosynthetic organisms, where carbon dioxide is converted into glucose using ATP and NADPH.

Front

What is the role of ATP in cellular metabolism?

Back

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) serves as the primary energy carrier in cells, providing energy for various biochemical reactions, including those in glycolysis and the Calvin Cycle.

Front

What is glycolysis?

Back

Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate, producing a net gain of 2 ATP and 2 NADH molecules.

Front

What is the end product of glycolysis?

Back

The end product of glycolysis is pyruvate.

Front

What is the net gain of ATP from one molecule of glucose undergoing glycolysis?

Back

The net gain of ATP from one molecule of glucose undergoing glycolysis is 2 ATP.

Front

Where does the Calvin Cycle take place?

Back

The Calvin Cycle takes place in the stroma of the chloroplast.

Front

What is chlorophyll and its function?

Back

Chlorophyll is a green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants that absorbs light energy for photosynthesis.

Front

What are photosystems?

Back

Photosystems are protein-pigment complexes in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts that play a crucial role in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis.

Front

What is the role of NADPH in the Calvin Cycle?

Back

NADPH provides the reducing power (electrons) needed to convert 3-phosphoglycerate into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate in the Calvin Cycle.

Front

What is the significance of the stroma in chloroplasts?

Back

The stroma is the fluid-filled space in chloroplasts where the Calvin Cycle occurs, containing enzymes, DNA, and ribosomes.