M4U8D1 Correlation and Scatterplots

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What is a dependent variable?

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The dependent variable is the outcome or response that is measured in an experiment. It is affected by changes in the independent variable. Example: In a study on ice cream sales, ice cream sales are the dependent variable.

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What is an independent variable?

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The independent variable is the factor that is manipulated or changed in an experiment to observe its effect on the dependent variable. Example: In a study on cucumber yield, precipitation is the independent variable.

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What does a positive correlation indicate?

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A positive correlation indicates that as one variable increases, the other variable also increases. Example: More hours studied may lead to higher test scores.

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What does a negative correlation indicate?

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A negative correlation indicates that as one variable increases, the other variable decreases. Example: As the temperature increases, the amount of hot chocolate sold may decrease.

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What does it mean if the correlation coefficient (r) is close to 0?

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If the correlation coefficient (r) is close to 0, it indicates that there is little to no linear relationship between the two variables.

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What does it mean if the correlation coefficient (r) is close to 1?

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If the correlation coefficient (r) is close to 1, it indicates a strong positive linear relationship between the two variables.

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What does it mean if the correlation coefficient (r) is close to -1?

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If the correlation coefficient (r) is close to -1, it indicates a strong negative linear relationship between the two variables.

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What is a scatterplot?

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A scatterplot is a graphical representation of two variables, showing the relationship between them. Each point represents an observation.

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How can you identify the type of correlation from a scatterplot?

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You can identify the type of correlation by observing the direction of the points: if they trend upwards, it's positive; if they trend downwards, it's negative; if they are scattered randomly, there is no correlation.

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What is the purpose of correlation analysis?

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The purpose of correlation analysis is to determine the strength and direction of the relationship between two quantitative variables.