Unit 4 Test Review: Cell Communication & Cell Cycle 2024

Front

What is a Negative Feedback Loop?

Back

A process that counteracts a change in a system, helping to maintain homeostasis by reducing the output or activity when a certain level is reached.

Front

What is a Positive Feedback Loop?

Back

A process that amplifies a change in a system, leading to an increase in output or activity until a specific event occurs.

Front

What role does insulin play in blood sugar regulation?

Back

Insulin is a hormone released by the pancreas that facilitates the uptake of glucose into cells, lowering blood sugar levels.

Front

What is homeostasis?

Back

The maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment in an organism, often involving feedback regulation.

Front

What is the role of cyclins in the cell cycle?

Back

Cyclins are proteins that regulate the progression of the cell cycle by activating cyclin-dependent kinases (cdKs).

Front

What happens during interphase?

Back

Interphase is the phase of the cell cycle where the cell grows, duplicates its DNA, and prepares for mitosis.

Front

What is MPF (Maturation Promoting Factor)?

Back

MPF is a complex of cyclin and cdK that triggers the cell's entry into mitosis.

Front

What is the significance of checkpoints in the cell cycle?

Back

Checkpoints are regulatory points in the cell cycle that ensure the cell is ready to proceed to the next phase, preventing errors.

Front

What is a ligand?

Back

A ligand is a molecule that binds to a receptor to initiate a cellular response.

Front

What is the function of receptors in cell communication?

Back

Receptors are proteins on the cell surface or inside the cell that bind to signaling molecules (ligands) and trigger a response.