ENVSCI Midterm Review 3

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What is CITES?

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CITES stands for the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, which aims to regulate wildlife trade to prevent species extinction.

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What is ocean acidification?

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Ocean acidification refers to the decrease in pH levels of the ocean due to the absorption of excess atmospheric CO2, leading to harmful effects on marine life.

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What organisms are most affected by ocean acidification?

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Coral and shell-forming organisms are the most affected by ocean acidification.

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What is coral bleaching?

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Coral bleaching is the loss of color in corals due to the expulsion of symbiotic algae (zooxanthellae) that provide them with nutrients.

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How does ocean acidification impact coral reefs?

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Ocean acidification dissolves calcium carbonate structures, weakening coral reefs.

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What is the pH of acid rain?

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The pH of acid rain is below 5.6.

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What are the main causes of ocean acidification?

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The main causes of ocean acidification are increased CO2 emissions from human activities, such as burning fossil fuels.

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What is the role of algae in coral ecosystems?

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Algae, particularly zooxanthellae, provide corals with essential nutrients through photosynthesis and contribute to their color.

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What are the consequences of coral bleaching?

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Consequences of coral bleaching include loss of habitat for marine species, reduced biodiversity, and weakened coastal protection.

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What is the significance of calcium carbonate for marine organisms?

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Calcium carbonate is crucial for marine organisms like corals and shellfish as it forms their skeletons and shells.