AP Bio Unit 2

Front

What is the primary function of the plasma membrane?

Back

The plasma membrane regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell, maintaining homeostasis.

Front

Define osmosis.

Back

Osmosis is the passive movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What role do aquaporins play in cellular transport?

Back

Aquaporins are specialized channel proteins that facilitate the rapid transport of water across cell membranes.

Front

What is facilitated diffusion?

Back

Facilitated diffusion is a passive transport process that uses protein channels to help move substances across a membrane without the use of energy.

Front

Explain the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER).

Back

The rough endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the synthesis and modification of proteins, which are often packaged for export.

Front

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

Back

The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.

Front

Describe the role of lysosomes in a cell.

Back

Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris.

Front

What is the difference between active transport and passive transport?

Back

Active transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient, while passive transport does not require energy and moves substances along their concentration gradient.

Front

Define diffusion.

Back

Diffusion is the passive movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Front

What is the significance of the fluid mosaic model?

Back

The fluid mosaic model describes the structure of the plasma membrane as a mosaic of various proteins that float in or on the fluid lipid bilayer, allowing for flexibility and movement.