2024 Fall Semester Exam Review

Front

What is an enzyme?

Back

A protein that acts as a catalyst to speed up chemical reactions in cells.

Front

What is a substrate?

Back

The reactant molecule upon which an enzyme acts.

Front

What is an enzyme inhibitor?

Back

A substance that decreases or stops the activity of an enzyme.

Front

How many chromosomes are present in a human somatic cell?

Back

46 chromosomes.

Front

What is active transport?

Back

The movement of molecules across a cell membrane using energy, typically against a concentration gradient.

Front

What is facilitated diffusion?

Back

The process of passive transport of molecules across a cell membrane via specific transmembrane proteins.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.

Front

What is exocytosis?

Back

The process by which a cell expels materials in vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane.

Front

What is the function of chloroplasts?

Back

Organelles that conduct photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in protein structure and function.