Ecosystem Flashcard

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What is an invasive species?

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An invasive species is a non-native organism that, when introduced to a new environment, can cause harm to the ecosystem, economy, or human health. Example: Zebra Mussel.

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What is nitrogen fixation?

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Nitrogen fixation is the process by which certain bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that plants can use, primarily ammonia. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria are responsible for this process.

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What is commensalism?

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Commensalism is a type of symbiotic relationship where one species benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed. Example: Barnacles on a whale.

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What role do decomposers play in an ecosystem?

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Decomposers break down dead organic matter, recycling nutrients back into the soil, which supports plant growth.

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What is the primary function of decomposers?

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The primary function of decomposers is to recycle nutrients from dead organisms back into the ecosystem.

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What are nitrifying bacteria?

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Nitrifying bacteria are microorganisms that convert ammonia into nitrites and then into nitrates, which are usable forms of nitrogen for plants.

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What is the difference between mutualism and commensalism?

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In mutualism, both species benefit from the interaction, while in commensalism, one species benefits and the other is unaffected.

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What is parasitism?

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Parasitism is a relationship where one organism (the parasite) benefits at the expense of another organism (the host), often harming it.

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What is the significance of photosynthetic bacteria?

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Photosynthetic bacteria are important for converting sunlight into energy through photosynthesis, contributing to the oxygen supply and organic matter in ecosystems.

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What happens to nutrients from dead matter?

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Nutrients from dead matter are decomposed and returned to the soil, enriching it and supporting new plant growth.