DNA Replication

Front

What is DNA replication?

Back

DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA, ensuring that each new cell receives a complete set of genetic information.

Front

What does 'semi-conservative' mean in the context of DNA replication?

Back

Semi-conservative means that during DNA replication, each new DNA molecule consists of one original (parent) strand and one newly synthesized strand.

Front

What are the four nucleotide bases in DNA?

Back

The four nucleotide bases in DNA are Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).

Front

What is the complementary base pairing rule in DNA?

Back

In DNA, Adenine pairs with Thymine (A-T) and Cytosine pairs with Guanine (C-G).

Front

What is the role of DNA polymerase in DNA replication?

Back

DNA polymerase is an enzyme that synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides complementary to the template strand.

Front

What is the significance of the 5' to 3' direction in DNA replication?

Back

DNA strands are synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction, meaning nucleotides are added to the 3' end of the growing strand.

Front

What is a replication fork?

Back

A replication fork is the area where the DNA double helix is unwound and separated into two single strands during replication.

Front

What is the function of helicase in DNA replication?

Back

Helicase is an enzyme that unwinds and separates the two strands of the DNA double helix at the replication fork.

Front

What are Okazaki fragments?

Back

Okazaki fragments are short segments of DNA synthesized on the lagging strand during DNA replication.

Front

What is the difference between the leading strand and the lagging strand?

Back

The leading strand is synthesized continuously in the same direction as the replication fork, while the lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously in short segments.