Thermal Energy Review

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What is thermal energy?

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Thermal energy is the energy that comes from the temperature of matter. It is the total kinetic energy of the particles in an object.

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What is conduction?

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Conduction is the transfer of thermal energy through direct contact between materials. Heat moves from the warmer object to the cooler one.

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What is convection?

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Convection is the transfer of thermal energy through the movement of fluids (liquids or gases). Warmer fluid rises while cooler fluid sinks, creating a circulation pattern.

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What is thermal equilibrium?

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Thermal equilibrium is the state reached when two objects in contact with each other reach the same temperature and no heat flows between them.

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What is the direction of thermal energy flow?

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Thermal energy flows from areas of higher temperature to areas of lower temperature until thermal equilibrium is reached.

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What is an insulator?

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An insulator is a material that does not conduct heat well, slowing down the transfer of thermal energy.

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What is a conductor?

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A conductor is a material that allows heat to flow through it easily, facilitating the transfer of thermal energy.

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What happens to the temperature of a hot object placed in a cooler environment?

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The temperature of the hot object decreases as it loses thermal energy to the cooler environment.

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What is the role of thermal radiation?

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Thermal radiation is the transfer of heat in the form of electromagnetic waves, allowing heat to be transferred without direct contact.

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What is the effect of surface area on heat transfer?

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A larger surface area increases the rate of heat transfer, as more particles are exposed to the temperature difference.

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