Unit 5: DNA/RNA/Proteins/Mutations

Front

What is the function of DNA?

Back

DNA stores genetic information that determines the traits and functions of living organisms.

Front

What is the process of transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process by which the DNA sequence is copied into mRNA.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosomes, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What are codons?

Back

Codons are sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that correspond to specific amino acids.

Front

What is a gene?

Back

A gene is a segment of DNA that contains the instructions for making a specific protein.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains thymine (T), while RNA is single-stranded and contains uracil (U) instead of thymine.

Front

What is translation in the context of protein synthesis?

Back

Translation is the process where ribosomes read the mRNA sequence and assemble amino acids into a protein.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in protein structure and function.

Front

What are the types of mutations?

Back

Types of mutations include point mutations, insertions, deletions, and frameshift mutations.

Front

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA transports specific amino acids to the ribosome during translation, matching them to the codons in mRNA.