F+C Unit 4 World History

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Constantinople

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City founded as the second capital of the Roman Empire; later became the capital of the Byzantine Empire which would fall to the Ottomans

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Islam

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an Abrahamic, monotheistic faith centered on the teachings of the prophet Muhammed; the religion practiced by the Ottoman Turks

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Muslim

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a follower of the Islamic faith

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pasha

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an appointed official of the Ottoman Empire who collected taxes, maintained law and order, and was directly responsible to the sultan's court

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ulema

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a group of religious advisers to the ottoman sultan; this group administered the legal system and schools for educating Muslims

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gunpowder empire

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an empire formed by outside conquerors who unified the regions that they conquered through their mastery of firearms

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anarchy

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political disorder; lawlessness

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grand vizier

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the Ottoman sultan's chief minister who carried the main burdens of the state and who led the council meetings

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janissary

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a soldier in the elite guard of the Ottoman Turks

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sultan

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"holder of power"; the military and political head of state under the Seljuk Turks and the Ottomans