Mutations

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence.

Front

What type of mutation occurs when one base is replaced by another?

Back

Substitution mutation.

Front

What type of mutation involves the removal of a base from the DNA sequence?

Back

Deletion mutation.

Front

What type of mutation involves the addition of an extra base into the DNA sequence?

Back

Insertion mutation.

Front

What is a frameshift mutation?

Back

A frameshift mutation occurs when bases are inserted or deleted, causing a shift in the reading frame of the genetic code.

Front

Which mutations can cause a frameshift?

Back

Insertions and deletions.

Front

What is the result of a substitution mutation?

Back

It may change one amino acid in a protein or have no effect at all.

Front

What is the significance of a stop codon in mutations?

Back

A stop codon signals the end of protein synthesis; mutations that create a stop codon can terminate translation prematurely.

Front

What is an example of a deletion mutation?

Back

Removing a base from the DNA sequence, such as changing T-T-A-C-G to T-T-C-G.

Front

What is an inversion mutation?

Back

An inversion mutation occurs when a segment of DNA is reversed within the chromosome.