AP Biology - Unit 1 Review

Front

What are hydrophobic amino acids?

Back

Amino acids that do not interact favorably with water, often found in the interior of proteins.

Front

What is a peptide bond?

Back

A bond that holds two amino acids together, formed through a dehydration reaction.

Front

What enzyme is lacking in lactose intolerant individuals?

Back

Lactase, which is necessary to break down lactose into glucose and galactose.

Front

What is the significance of a hydroxyl functional group?

Back

Compounds with hydroxyl groups are typically polar and can dissolve in water.

Front

What does it mean for a reaction to be nonreversible?

Back

It means that the reaction proceeds in one direction and cannot easily revert to the original reactants.

Front

What is the role of NH3 in a reversible reaction?

Back

NH3 can be both a product and a reactant, indicating that it is formed and decomposed simultaneously.

Front

What is the difference between hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances?

Back

Hydrophilic substances interact well with water, while hydrophobic substances do not.

Front

Define enzyme. What is its function?

Back

An enzyme is a biological catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions without being consumed.

Front

What is the structure of an amino acid?

Back

An amino acid consists of a central carbon atom, an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydrogen atom, and a variable R group.

Front

What is the primary structure of a protein?

Back

The sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain.