Midterm Biology Review

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What is genetic engineering?

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Genetic engineering is the process of altering the DNA of an organism to achieve desired traits, such as the ability to produce insulin in bacteria.

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What is scientific inquiry?

Back

Scientific inquiry is the process of asking questions, conducting experiments, and analyzing results to gain knowledge and understanding.

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What is the function of a low-power objective lens in a microscope?

Back

The low-power objective lens (4x) is used to provide a wider field of view and to locate specimens before switching to higher magnifications.

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How does RNA differ from DNA?

Back

RNA contains uracil and ribose, while DNA contains thymine and deoxyribose.

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What is exocytosis?

Back

Exocytosis is the process by which a cell expels unwanted particles by forming a vesicle around them and releasing it outside the cell.

Front

What is the role of insulin in the human body?

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Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells.

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What is the significance of repeatability in scientific experiments?

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Repeatability ensures that results can be verified and are reliable, which is essential for scientific credibility.

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What are the main components of a microscope?

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The main components of a microscope include the eyepiece, objective lenses, stage, and light source.

Front

What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

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Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and organelles.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?

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Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis by translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptide chains.