AP Bio Semester 1 Exam Review

Front

What is cystic fibrosis and where is the CFTR protein modified, packaged, and sorted?

Back

Cystic fibrosis is a genetic condition associated with defects in the CFTR protein. The CFTR protein is modified, packaged, and sorted in the Golgi Bodies.

Front

What is the optimum pH of an enzyme if its activity is highest at pH 6.6?

Back

The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6.

Front

What type of protein structure involves R groups interacting within a single polypeptide?

Back

The tertiary structure involves R groups interacting in a single polypeptide.

Front

What type of protein structure is characterized by hydrogen bonds between the polypeptide backbone?

Back

The secondary structure is characterized by hydrogen bonds between the polypeptide backbone.

Front

What type of phospholipid tails do organisms in cold environments have?

Back

Organisms that live in cold environments are likely to have phospholipid tails with a higher percentage of double bonds, making them unsaturated.

Front

Define primary structure in proteins.

Back

The primary structure of a protein is the linear sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain.

Front

What is the role of the Golgi apparatus in protein processing?

Back

The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for secretion or delivery to other organelles.

Front

Explain the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats.

Back

Saturated fats have no double bonds between carbon atoms, while unsaturated fats have one or more double bonds, making them liquid at room temperature.

Front

What is the significance of enzyme pH in biological reactions?

Back

The pH level can affect enzyme shape and function, influencing the rate of biochemical reactions.

Front

What is the quaternary structure of a protein?

Back

The quaternary structure is the arrangement of multiple polypeptide chains into a single functional protein.