Biology: Transcription and Translation

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Transcription

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Process that makes mRNA using the DNA code

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Translation

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Process that makes protein using the mRNA codons

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mRNA

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messenger RNA, that is used to make protein

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RNA Polymerase

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The enzyme used in transcription to unzip the DNA, and make the mRNA

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Ribosome

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Organelle used to make proteins

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Nucleus

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Contains DNA; where transcription occurs.

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Cytoplasm

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Fluid and organelles of the cell; where translation occurs

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Protein

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A polypeptide made of amino acids, that is crucial for cell function and structure, along with building muscles and bone and fighting disease.

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Amino acid

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monomer of protein

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tRNA

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Transfer RNA carries the amino acid to the ribosome to build the protein.