Corrected PBS 2.2.2 Transcription and Translation

Front

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) molecules bring specific amino acids to the ribosome during translation, matching them to the codons on the mRNA.

Front

Where does transcription occur in a cell?

Back

Transcription occurs inside the nucleus of the cell.

Front

How many codons are produced from the DNA sequence GATCGATACCATTCGGCGCATACTTCG?

Back

9 codons are produced from this DNA sequence.

Front

What enzyme is responsible for reading DNA during transcription?

Back

RNA polymerase is the enzyme that reads DNA and produces mRNA.

Front

What initiates the process of transcription in a cell?

Back

A signal is sent to the cell to turn on the gene that codes for the needed protein, initiating transcription.

Front

Define transcription in the context of protein synthesis.

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA, which carries the genetic information to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the function of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic code from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides on mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid or stop signal during protein synthesis.

Front

Explain the difference between transcription and translation.

Back

Transcription is the process of synthesizing mRNA from DNA, while translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA.

Front

What is the significance of the genetic code?

Back

The genetic code is a set of rules that defines how the sequence of nucleotides in DNA or RNA is translated into the amino acid sequence of proteins.