Experimental Design and Variables

Experimental design is the process of planning an experiment to ensure that it can effectively test a hypothesis by controlling variables and ensuring valid results.

The independent variable is the factor that is manipulated or changed in an experiment to observe its effect on the dependent variable.

The dependent variable is the factor that is measured or observed in an experiment, which is affected by changes in the independent variable.

The control group is the part of an experiment that does not receive the independent variable treatment, used for comparison against the experimental group.

Outliers are data points that are significantly different from other observations in a dataset, often lying far away from the mean.

A bar graph should be used when comparing different groups or categories, especially when the data is categorical.

A line graph should be used when displaying data that changes over time or when both axes represent continuous data.

A hypothesis is a testable prediction about the relationship between two or more variables in an experiment.

A variable is any factor, trait, or condition that can exist in differing amounts or types in an experiment.

Sample size refers to the number of subjects or observations included in an experiment, which affects the reliability of the results.