Genetics Review

Front

What is selective breeding?

Back

A process to create an organism with desired traits from parents with those desired traits.

Front

If red flowers (R) are dominant over white, what is the probability that the offspring will be red when two heterozygous plants (Rr) are crossed?

Back

2 out of 4 or 50%.

Front

What does an organism's phenotype describe?

Back

Its physical appearance.

Front

Which of the following is NOT an environmental factor that can influence the characteristics of an organism?

Back

Eye color.

Front

What tool do scientists use to show what genotype combinations are possible?

Back

Punnett Square.

Front

Define genotype.

Back

The genetic makeup of an organism.

Front

What is the difference between dominant and recessive traits?

Back

Dominant traits are expressed in the phenotype even if only one allele is present, while recessive traits are expressed only when two alleles are present.

Front

What is a Punnett Square used for?

Back

To predict the probability of certain traits in offspring based on the genotypes of the parents.

Front

What is the role of alleles in genetics?

Back

Alleles are different forms of a gene that determine specific traits.

Front

What is the significance of Mendel's experiments with pea plants?

Back

Mendel established the basic principles of heredity, including the laws of segregation and independent assortment.