NC Biology 2020 EOC Released Items

Front

What is photosynthesis?

Back

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose, using carbon dioxide and water, and releasing oxygen as a byproduct.

Front

What gas is produced during photosynthesis?

Back

Oxygen is produced during photosynthesis as a byproduct.

Front

What is the primary function of a vacuole in a cell?

Back

The primary function of a vacuole is storage, including storing nutrients, waste products, and other materials.

Front

What is the carbon cycle?

Back

The carbon cycle is the process by which carbon is exchanged among the atmosphere, land, water, and living organisms, involving processes like photosynthesis, respiration, and decomposition.

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What role do decomposers play in the carbon cycle?

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Decomposers break down dead organic matter, returning carbon to the soil and atmosphere, thus playing a crucial role in the carbon cycle.

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What is a transgenic organism?

Back

A transgenic organism is one that has been genetically modified to contain DNA from another species, often to express desired traits.

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Which organism has been used to clean up oil spills?

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Bacteria have been used as transgenic organisms to clean up oil spills by breaking down the oil into less harmful substances.

Front

What is cellular respiration?

Back

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water.

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What is the effect of X-rays on genetic mutations?

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Increased exposure to X-rays can lead to a higher frequency of genetic mutations in humans due to their ability to damage DNA.

Front

What is the significance of gas exchange in a closed ecosystem?

Back

Gas exchange is crucial in a closed ecosystem, such as a terrarium, to maintain the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide necessary for the survival of organisms.