Genetics and DNA

Front

What does DNA stand for?

Back

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Front

Where is DNA stored in a cell?

Back

In the cell nucleus.

Front

What is the structure of a chromosome?

Back

Two strands of DNA twisted together into a double helix.

Front

What are the components of the DNA strands?

Back

Sugar-phosphate backbones and nitrogenous bases.

Front

What are the four kinds of nitrogen bases in DNA?

Back

Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C), Thymine (T).

Front

Which nitrogen bases pair together in DNA?

Back

Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T), and Cytosine (C) pairs with Guanine (G).

Front

What is a gene?

Back

A section of DNA on a chromosome that codes for proteins.

Front

What is a genome?

Back

The complete set of genes of an organism.

Front

How do we go from a gene to a protein?

Back

First, DNA is transcribed to RNA, then RNA is translated into a protein.

Front

What is RNA and how does it differ from DNA?

Back

RNA is ribonucleic acid, single-stranded, and has Uracil (U) instead of Thymine (T).