Adv Biology Semester 1 Exam Review Part 1

Front

What is the role of the H+ concentration gradient in cellular processes?

Back

The H+ concentration gradient is used to generate ATP during cellular respiration.

Front

How are cellular respiration and photosynthesis interconnected?

Back

The energy captured in photosynthesis is used to power cellular respiration.

Front

How many ATP molecules are produced during the electron-transport chain stage of cellular respiration?

Back

32-34 ATP molecules are created during the electron-transport chain.

Front

What distinguishes cilia from flagella in terms of structure and function?

Back

Cilia are small protrusions that cover the cell surface, while flagella are long protrusions typically found at one end of the cell.

Front

What is the primary function of the nucleolus in a cell?

Back

The nucleolus is responsible for ribosome synthesis.

Front

Define photosynthesis.

Back

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods with the help of chlorophyll.

Front

What is cellular respiration?

Back

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water.

Front

Explain the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

Back

Aerobic respiration requires oxygen, while anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen.

Front

What is the significance of ATP in cellular activities?

Back

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) serves as the primary energy currency of the cell, powering various biological processes.

Front

What are the main stages of cellular respiration?

Back

The main stages of cellular respiration are glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain.