AP Biology Unit 6 2021

Front

What is the difference between the synthesis of the leading and lagging strands in DNA replication?

Back

The leading strand is synthesized continuously in the 5' to 3' direction, while the lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously in short segments (Okazaki fragments) in the 5' to 3' direction.

Front

What does transgenic mean?

Back

Transgenic refers to an organism that has had DNA from another species inserted into its genome.

Front

What type of operon is the trp (tryptophan) operon?

Back

The trp operon is a repressible operon, meaning it is usually active but can be turned off in the presence of tryptophan.

Front

What is genetic engineering?

Back

Genetic engineering is the practice of inserting the DNA of another species into an organism's DNA to give it new traits.

Front

What is the role of the anticodon in tRNA?

Back

The anticodon of a tRNA molecule is complementary to the corresponding mRNA codon, allowing for the correct amino acid to be added during protein synthesis.

Front

Define DNA replication.

Back

DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA before cell division.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where protein synthesis occurs, translating mRNA into polypeptide chains.

Front

Explain the concept of gene expression.

Back

Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used to synthesize a functional gene product, usually a protein.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in the structure and function of proteins.

Front

What is the difference between an inducible and a repressible operon?

Back

An inducible operon is usually off but can be turned on in the presence of a specific substrate, while a repressible operon is usually on but can be turned off in the presence of a specific product.