Periodic Tables and Periodic Trends

Front

What are valence electrons?

Back

Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that are involved in chemical bonding.

Front

How does ionization energy change across a period?

Back

Ionization energy generally increases across a period from left to right due to increasing nuclear charge.

Front

What is the trend of atomic radii as you move down a group in the periodic table?

Back

Atomic radii increase as you move down a group because additional energy levels are added.

Front

Define electronegativity.

Back

Electronegativity is a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons.

Front

What is the relationship between group number and valence electrons?

Back

The group number of an element in the periodic table indicates the number of valence electrons in its atoms.

Front

Which element has the highest electronegativity?

Back

Fluorine (F) has the highest electronegativity.

Front

What is the significance of the periodic law?

Back

The periodic law states that the properties of elements are a periodic function of their atomic numbers.

Front

How do metals and nonmetals differ in terms of ionization energy?

Back

Metals generally have lower ionization energies than nonmetals, making it easier for metals to lose electrons.

Front

What is the trend of ionization energy as you move down a group?

Back

Ionization energy decreases as you move down a group due to increased distance between the nucleus and valence electrons.

Front

What is the definition of oxidation number?

Back

The oxidation number is a measure of the degree of oxidation of an atom in a compound.