Punnett Squares

Front

What is a Punnett Square?

Back

A Punnett Square is a diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing the possible combinations of alleles from the parents.

Front

What does homozygous mean?

Back

Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a particular gene, such as AA or aa.

Front

What does heterozygous mean?

Back

Heterozygous refers to having two different alleles for a particular gene, such as Aa.

Front

What is a genotype?

Back

A genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, represented by the alleles it possesses.

Front

What is a phenotype?

Back

A phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype.

Front

What is the difference between dominant and recessive alleles?

Back

Dominant alleles are expressed in the phenotype even when only one copy is present, while recessive alleles are only expressed when two copies are present.

Front

What does it mean if an organism has a dominant phenotype?

Back

It means that the organism has at least one dominant allele for that trait.

Front

How do you represent a dominant allele in genetics?

Back

A dominant allele is typically represented by a capital letter (e.g., P).

Front

How do you represent a recessive allele in genetics?

Back

A recessive allele is typically represented by a lowercase letter (e.g., p).

Front

What is the purpose of a test cross?

Back

A test cross is used to determine the genotype of an organism with a dominant phenotype by crossing it with a homozygous recessive individual.