Basic Stoichiometry Concepts

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Stoichiometry

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The calculation of quantities in chemical reactions.

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Law of Conservation of Mass

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In any chemical reaction, the mass of the products is always equal to the mass of the reactants.

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Mole ratio

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A conversion factor derived from the coefficients of a balanced chemical equation interpreted in terms of moles.

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Limiting Reagent

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The reactant that determines the amount of product that can be formed.

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Excess Reagent

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Any reactant that is not used up in a reaction.

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Theoretical Yield

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The amount of product that could form during a reaction calculated from a balanced chemical equation; it represents the maximum amount of product that could be formed from a given amount of reactant.

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Actual Yield

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The amount of product that forms when a reaction is carried out in the laboratory.

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Percent Yield

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The ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield for a chemical reaction expressed as a percentage; a measure of the efficiency of a reaction.