Immune system

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What are Memory B (and T) cells?

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Memory B and T cells are specialized immune cells that remember pathogens after an infection, allowing for a faster and more effective response if the same pathogen invades again.

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What do antibodies do?

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Antibodies are proteins produced by B-cells that attach to antigens on pathogens, tagging them for destruction by other immune cells.

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True or False: Vaccines work by directly attacking the disease.

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False. Vaccines stimulate the immune system to recognize and remember pathogens without causing the disease.

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What is the role of T-cells in the immune system?

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T-cells are responsible for identifying specific pathogens and coordinating the immune response.

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What is an antigen?

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An antigen is a molecule located on the surface of a pathogen that is recognized by the immune system.

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What is the function of macrophages?

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Macrophages are immune cells that engulf and digest pathogens and dead cells, playing a key role in the immune response.

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What are lymphocytes?

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Lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell that includes B-cells and T-cells, crucial for the adaptive immune response.

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How do vaccines help the immune system?

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Vaccines introduce a harmless part of a pathogen (like an antigen) to stimulate the immune system to produce memory cells without causing disease.

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What is the difference between B-cells and T-cells?

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B-cells produce antibodies to fight pathogens, while T-cells identify and destroy infected cells.

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What is the immune response?

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The immune response is the body's defense mechanism against pathogens, involving various cells and processes to eliminate infections.