Cell Transport

Front

What is simple diffusion?

Back

The process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration without the need for energy or transport proteins.

Front

Give an example of simple diffusion.

Back

CO2 and O2 exchange in the lungs.

Front

What is the function of the sodium-potassium pump?

Back

It is a protein pump that moves 2 K ions into the cell and 3 Na ions out of the cell, helping to maintain the cell's electrochemical gradient.

Front

Which substance has the most difficulty crossing the cell membrane by diffusion?

Back

Na+ (sodium ions) have the most difficulty due to their charge and size.

Front

What is dynamic equilibrium in the context of cell transport?

Back

Dynamic equilibrium exists when a substance has equal concentrations inside and outside of the cell, allowing it to move equally into and out of the cell.

Front

What does it mean when a cell is in a hypertonic solution?

Back

The concentration of solutes outside the cell is higher than inside, causing water to move out of the cell, leading to cell shrinkage.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

The diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What is facilitated diffusion?

Back

A process where molecules pass through the cell membrane via special proteins, without the use of energy, moving from high to low concentration.

Front

What role do channel proteins play in cell transport?

Back

Channel proteins provide a passageway for specific ions or molecules to cross the cell membrane, facilitating transport.

Front

What is active transport?

Back

The movement of molecules across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration, requiring energy.