HChem 512 Unit 3 Review: Periodic Table & Atomic Structure

Front

What is the periodic table?

Back

A tabular arrangement of chemical elements, organized by increasing atomic number, electron configuration, and recurring chemical properties.

Front

What does 'period' refer to in the periodic table?

Back

A horizontal row in the periodic table, indicating the number of electron shells in the elements.

Front

What does 'group' refer to in the periodic table?

Back

A vertical column in the periodic table, indicating elements that have similar chemical properties and the same number of valence electrons.

Front

What is ionization energy?

Back

The energy required to remove an electron from an atom in its gaseous state.

Front

How does ionization energy change across a period?

Back

Ionization energy generally increases across a period due to increasing nuclear charge.

Front

How does ionization energy change down a group?

Back

Ionization energy generally decreases down a group due to increased distance from the nucleus and increased shielding.

Front

What is an isotope?

Back

Atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Front

What is atomic mass?

Back

The weighted average mass of an element's isotopes, measured in atomic mass units (amu).

Front

What is effective nuclear charge?

Back

The net positive charge experienced by an electron in a multi-electron atom, accounting for shielding by other electrons.

Front

What is the Nuclear Model of the atom?

Back

A model that describes the atom as having a dense nucleus surrounded by electrons in orbit, based on Rutherford's gold foil experiment.