Biology Semester 1 Exam Review: Questions Only

Front

What is the role of xylem in plants?

Back

Xylem is responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant.

Front

What is the role of phloem in plants?

Back

Phloem transports carbohydrates and nutrients produced by photosynthesis from the leaves to other parts of the plant.

Front

What is active transport?

Back

Active transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration, requiring energy.

Front

What is the function of enzymes in biological reactions?

Back

Enzymes act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy required.

Front

What is a substrate in the context of enzyme activity?

Back

A substrate is the reactant molecule upon which an enzyme acts.

Front

What is the significance of the active site of an enzyme?

Back

The active site is the region of the enzyme where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction.

Front

How do viruses replicate?

Back

Viruses replicate by entering a host cell, using the cell's machinery to produce copies of themselves, and then lysing (breaking open) the host cell to release new viruses.

Front

What are amino acids?

Back

Amino acids are organic compounds that serve as the building blocks of proteins.

Front

What is the difference between passive and active transport?

Back

Passive transport does not require energy and moves substances down their concentration gradient, while active transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient.

Front

What is the role of carbohydrates in plants?

Back

Carbohydrates serve as energy sources and structural components in plants.